sourcesthe Protoevangelium of Jameshttps://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0847.htmimmaculate conceptionhttps://www.catholic.com/tract/mary-full-of-gracehttps://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/teachings/history-of-the-doctrine-of-the-immaculate-conception-117Ineffabilis Deus - 1854https://www.papalencyclicals.net/pius09/p9ineff.htmthe biblehttps://www.biblegateway.com/ back to the article
